During the electrophoresis process, the anode tube acts as the anode and forms an electric field with the workpiece as the cathode. The positively charged paint particles move toward the cathode workpiece under the action of the electric field and deposit on its surface to form a uniform coating. At the same time, an oxidation reaction occurs at the anode, and the generated cations enter the anode liquid through the ion exchange membrane in the anode tube to maintain the electrical neutrality of the anode liquid.